http://repositsc.nuczu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/17445 2026-04-02T16:47:51Z http://repositsc.nuczu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/18884 Title: ВПЛИВ ОБМІНУ ҐРУНТОВИМИ ВОДАМИ МІЖ ПРИТОКАМИ НА ЕКОЛОГІЧНУ ЯКІСТЬ ВОД ПОВЕРХНЕВИХ ВОДНИХ ОБ’ЄКТІВ Authors: Коваленко, С. А. Abstract: У статті порушено питання щодо впливу поверхневих водних об’єктів за течією річки Дніпро з урахуванням геологічного впливу однієї річки на іншу. Такі дослідження необхідні для встановлення факторів впливу на склад поверхневих вод річок і визначення стабільності екологічної якості поверхневих водних об’єктів таких, як ліві притоки Дніпра – Десна, Сула, Псел, Ворскла і Самара. Метою дослідження є визначення впливу обміну ґрунтовими водами між притоками на екологічну якість вод поверхневих водних об’єктів у межах суббасейнів Дніпра (річка Десна – суббасейн річки Десна; річки Псел, Сула та Ворскла – суббасейн Середнього Дніпра; річка Самара – суббасейн Нижнього Дніпра) згідно з басейновим принципом управління водними ресурсами. Об’єктом дослідження є вплив поверхневих водних об’єктів на екологічну якість вод з урахуванням наявності ґрунтових вод. Виявлення впливу води розташованих вище приток на нижче за течію на якісні показники водозабору з урахуванням наявності ґрунтових вод, які сполучають між собою різні водні потоки, проведено на прикладі динаміки зміни вмісту хлоридів. Побудовано кореляційні залежності між концентраціями хлоридів у постах спостереження, які знаходяться найближче до Дніпра. Отримані результати підтверджують вплив приток однієї на іншу та доводять, що тенденція такого впливу є стійкою. Для підтвердження отриманих висновків щодо впливу річок за рахунок ґрунтових вод потребує додаткових досліджень – з домішками, які наявні у розглянутих притоках. Отримані результати можуть бути застосовані у подальших дослідженнях під час розробки і впровадженню надійної та ефективної математичної моделі для прогнозування екологічного стану поверхневих водних об’єктів у межах суббасейну. 2023-11-29T00:00:00Z http://repositsc.nuczu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/18883 Title: ANALYSIS OF EXISTING METHODS FOR IMPROVING THE PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL CONDITIONS OF THE ION EXCHANGE PROCESS IN WATER TREATMENT Authors: Kovtun, D.|; Dushkin, S. Abstract: The article deals with the issues of existing processes for improving the physical and chemical conditions of the ion exchange process in water treatment. Patents and publications on the use of the ion exchange method in water treatment have been analysed. The expediency and scientific significance are determined by the possibility of further improving the efficiency of the ion exchange process in water treatment on the basis of the obtained results. Existing methods, such as thermal and cryogenic treatment, membrane plants, distillation and reverse osmosis, have a number of disadvantages, such as high energy consumption of the process and the inability to be used on an industrial scale. A promising method to improve the efficiency of modified ion exchange resins is to use the effect of a magnetic field on the feed water with constant stirring. The article analyses ion exchange resins and their problems, existing research aimed at modernising the ion exchange process, considers ways to optimise the selectivity of ion exchange resins, their modification with dendritic aggregates, and the use of mixed cationic and anionic ion exchange resins. Regeneration of ion-exchange resins using ammonium bicarbonate technology, reagent-free regeneration methods, such as electrodialysis, electrodionization systems, in order to reduce process waste, possible schemes of using ion-exchange plants in combination with other methods of water treatment. The analysis shows the relevance of using the ion exchange process in water treatment and the prospect of further research on ways to intensify the process to reduce energy and economic resources. The obtained results demonstrate the most advanced ways to improve the method of ion exchange for water treatment, such as reagentless regeneration of ionites using electrodialysis, modification of resins by introducing the necessary functional groups. 2023-11-29T00:00:00Z http://repositsc.nuczu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/18882 Title: THE PLACE OF DPF WITH A LIQUID WORKING BODY IN THE CLASSIFICATION OF ATMOSPHERIC AIR PROTECTION TECHNOLOGIES FROM THE COMPLEX NEGATIVE INFLUENCE OF POWER PLANTS WITH RECIPROCATION ICE Authors: Kondratenko, O.; Krasnov, V.; Semykin, V. Abstract: In the article, which reflects the results of the authors' own research, the purpose of which was to improve the classification of methods and means of cleaning the exhaust gases flow of a reciprocating ICE from pollutants as environmental protection technologies by including in it executive devices for a complex effect on pollutants and factors of energy pollution of atmospheric air as a component the environment, in particular the DPF with a liquid working body, the following tasks were consistently solved regarding the improvement of the previously developed, listed in the open press and tested at a number of scientific and technical conferences of the design level of the executive device of the integrated action DPF and the improvement of the scientific product of information arrangement – a number of interconnected multi-level classifications – by determining the place of the device in these classifications, namely: analysis of literature data on environmental hazard factors, the source of which is a a reciprocating ICE as part of an power plant; analysis of the classification of methods and means of reducing exhaust gases toxicity of diesel a reciprocating ICE; analysis of the classification of methods and means of cleaning exhaust gases of diesel a reciprocating ICE from PM; analysis of mechanical devices and systems for cleaning of exhaust gases of diesel a reciprocating ICE from PM; analysis of chemical devices and systems for cleaning of exhaust gases of diesel a reciprocating ICE from PM; analysis of hydrodynamic methods of cleaning of exhaust gases of diesel a reciprocating ICE from PM and other factors of environmental danger; analysis of methods of regeneration of DPF with a liquid working body; analysis of the experimental recognition of the effectiveness of the use of DPF with a liquid working body; analysis of the neutralization of nitrogen oxides in the DPF with a liquid working body; analysis of the ozone method of neutralization of nitrogen oxides in exhaust gases of diesel a reciprocating ICE; analysis of the field of application of liquid neutralization of pollutants in the exhaust gases diesel a reciprocating ICE and improvement of the design of the diesel liquid neutralizer of exhaust gases diesel a reciprocating ICE. The object of the study is the classification of methods and means of cleaning the flow of exhaust gases of a reciprocating ICE from pollutants as environmental protection technologies. The subject of the study is the place of executive devices for complex impact on pollutants and factors of energy pollution of atmospheric air as a component of the environment, in particular, the DPF with a liquid working body, in the object of the study. The scientific novelty of the study results lies in the fact that the classification of methods and means of cleaning the exhaust gases flow of a reciprocating ICE from pollutants as environmental protection technologies by including in it executive devices for a complex effect on pollutants and factors of energy pollution of atmospheric air as a component the environment, in particular, DPF with a liquid working body. The practical significance of the study results is that the classification improved and supplemented in the study is useful for more detailed ordering of information and substantiation of the relevance of the development of individual complex innovative technologies of environmental management and the establishment of vertical and horizontal structural and logical relationships between the classification objects. 2023-11-29T00:00:00Z http://repositsc.nuczu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/18881 Title: APPLICATION OF DOMESTIC GAS ANALYZERS FOR MEASURING PM CONCENTRATION IN ATMOSPHERIC AIR Authors: Mykhailov, S.; Kvasov, V.; Ryzhchenko, O. Abstract: Environmental monitoring is one of the key elements to ensure the most effective security measures in various areas of life. The most famous technology in this field is the gas detection system within the framework of atmospheric air monitoring. It serves not only for an early warning program, but also for a constant check of the state of the atmosphere in certain areas. In the guidelines of the World Health Organization (WHO), updated in 2005, solid particles (dust or suspended substances) are among the main indicators of atmospheric air quality. According to the requirements of Directive 2008/50/EC of the European Parliament and the Council of 05.21.2008 on atmospheric air quality and cleaner air for Europe Ukraine should establish zones and agglomerations according to the degree of atmospheric air pollution throughout its territory, as well as the procedure for their review. In general, the goal set by the Directive is extremely difficult for Ukraine to create a European monitoring system with modern equipment, which is a reliable tool for the development and implementation of environmental policy, on the remains of the air pollution control network that was created back in Soviet times. Nowadays gas sensors can be divided into two categories: conductive metal oxides and electrochemical, with the latter gaining more recognition over the last decade as the future standard component in any gas sensor. The paper presents the complete concept of an electrochemical gas sensor, including the basic science and basic electronic engineering that go into the device. The main focus is on a specific type of amperometric sensors as the most promising electrochemical sensor on the Ukrainian market. That is why the scientific novelty of the article lies in the fact that for the first time, on the basis of analysis and theoretical generalizations, it is proposed to create a program for the production of devices specifically for continuous automatic monitoring of atmospheric air quality. The practical value of the article lies in the systematization of scientific ideas regarding the monitoring of PM, which should become the basis for initial measures aimed at reducing emissions, which will increase the efficiency of management decision-making and improve the efficiency of the DSMD at all levels. 2023-11-29T00:00:00Z