Socio-philosophical preconditions of formation of the concept of security

Abstract

The article examines the socio-philosophical origins of the formation of the concept of security. The ambiguity of the scientific interpretation of the essence of the concept of security is associated with the existence of different pictures of world knowledge. In the era of antiquity, security, on the one hand, was considered as the highest value of the state, law, on the other hand, as an opportunity to satisfy the basic needs of the individual and society. In the Middle Ages, security was identified with the attributes of divine behavior, acting as one of the functions of faith. In this historical period, the principle of salvation of the soul replaced the ancient principle of self-preservation of the individual and the state. The mechanistic picture of world knowledge made it possible to expand the idea of the world order in the era of modern times, in particular, to highlight the principles of safe interaction in the systems of the individual-nature, the individual-society, which made it possible to realize the need to study security and the mechanisms for ensuring it in society and the state. The Age of Enlightenment was marked by the emergence of a statistical picture of the world, which considered security as a balance between systems and subsystems related to social reality, determining the nature of the interdependence of the safe existence of the individual and society. The formation of ideas about security in the modern world is a process that combines the objective reality of threats and the subjective perception of a person's place in the world of risk. Security today is not only a state of being protected, but also a dynamic balance between stability and change, between control and freedom, between technological development and humanistic values. True security is possible only when society not only protects itself from dangers, but also creates conditions for trust, solidarity and responsibility. In this sense, security is not just a state, but a higher dimension of culture and maturity of civilization. The development of security theory is based on socio-philosophical ideas, creating the necessary conditions for the formation of ideas about security as an objective reality, the study of which will allow us to formulate patterns and scientific principles of security system management, ensuring the safe functioning and development of society and the state.