ANALYSIS OF REMOVAL METHODS OF TOXIC HEAVY METALS USING BIO-ABSORBS

Abstract

The heavy metals pollution among various types of contaminations is a serious hazard for environment and human health. Different methods of removing heavy metals have different advantages and disadvantages, among them biological techniques of absorption/ adsorption have been considered. The main benefits of biological absorption, compared with the conventional methods, are low cost, high efficiency, reducing chemical and/or environmental sludge, no need for additional nutrients, and the possibility of recycling of metals. The absorption of heavy metals by microbial cells is recognized as a potential alternative to existing technologies of removal of toxic heavy metals using waste from the food industry and agricultural wastes as bio-absorbs. Therefore, the main the goal of this article is evaluate the potential and advisability and effectiveness of using food industry waste and agricultural waste to remove or significantly reduce toxic heavy metals from contaminated food and water. And also to study the mechanisms of using of waste from the food industry and agricultural wastes as bio-absorbs to determine the best option of using, what would improve it. To achieve the goal, the work has been studied and analyzed all attainable sources of agro based low-cost reasonable adsorbents for their feasibility in the removal of heavy metals from food stuff and contaminated water. Since most of the researches have been carried out in pilot form and has not been tested at the industrial level, then it is necessary to improve these methods for their implementation and utilization in the treatment of the industrial contaminated water and also food products. From the analysis it is evident that the most attractive as bio-absorbs are such materials such as potato peel, sawdust, citrus peels, mango peel, corn cob, rice husk, tree fern, wheat bran, grape bagasse, coconut copra meal, orange waste, walnut, hazelnut, almond shell, tea waste. And especially the use of these materials is attractive from the economic point of view as the most affordable and cheap