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http://repositsc.nuczu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/11625| Title: | УПРАВЛІНСЬКІ ОСНОВИ СТВОРЕННЯ У ЄДИНІЙ ДЕРЖАВНІЙ СИСТЕМІ ЦИВІЛЬНОГО ЗАХИСТУ ІНФОРМАЦІЙНО-АНАЛІТИЧНОЇ ПІДСИСТЕМИ УПРАВЛІННЯ ПРОЦЕСАМИ ПОПЕРЕДЖЕННЯ Й ЛОКАЛІЗАЦІЇ НАСЛІДКІВ НАДЗВИЧАЙНИХ СИТУАЦІЙ |
| Other Titles: | MANAGEMENT BASICS OF CREATION IN SINGLE STATE SYSTEM OF CIVIL PROTECTION OF INFORMATION-ANALYTICAL SUBSYSTEM |
| Authors: | Тютюник, Вадим Володимирович Калугін, Володимир Дмитрович Писклакова, Ольга Олександрівна |
| Keywords: | надзвичайна ситуація ЄДИНА ДЕРЖАВНА СИСТЕМА ЦИВІЛЬНОГО ЗАХИСТУ управлінські рішення антикризове управління |
| Issue Date: | 2020 |
| Publisher: | ВІСНИК НАЦІОНАЛЬНОГО УНІВЕРСИТЕТУ ЦИВІЛЬНОГО ЗАХИСТУ УКРАЇНИ |
| Citation: | Державне управління |
| Abstract: | У статті розкрито управлінські основи створення ефективної інформаційно-аналітичної підсистеми управління процесами попередження й локалізації наслідків надзвичайних ситуацій (НС) шляхом комплексного включення в діючу Єдину державну систему цивільного захисту (ЄДСЦЗ) по вертикалі від об’єктового до державного рівнів різних функціональних елементів територіальної системи моніторингу НС та складових системи ситуаційних центрів. Показано, що однією з основних функцій системи ситуаційних центрів на всіх рівнях управління ЄДСЦЗ є розробка ефективних антикризових рішень, яка ускладнюється тим, що необхідними умовами ефективності рішень є їх своєчасність, повнота й оптимальність. Для підвищення ефективності прийняття рішень обґрунтовано необхідність розробки формальних, нормативних методів і моделей комплексного рішення проблеми прийняття рішень в умовах багатокритеріальності й невизначеності при управлінні процесами попередження й локалізації наслідків НС. |
| Description: | The basis of civil protection of the state is the classic management circuit, which will provide: collection, processing and analysis of information; modeling of the development of the situation on the object of management and development of emergencies in the territory of a city, region, state; development and adoption of management decisions on the prevention and elimination of emergencies, as well as minimizing their consequences; implementation of decisions on the prevention and elimination of emergencies. In Ukraine the civil defense system is functioning to ensure the implementation of state policy in the field of civil defense for protection of the population, territories, environment and property from emergencies by preventing such situations, eliminating their consequences and providing assistance to victims in peacetime and during a special period. The system consists of functional and territorial subsystems and is aimed to solving the issues of ensuring the necessary level of security of the state in the conditions of emergency. At the same time, the issues of implementation of the monitoring function and development of effective decisions by all local subsystems, which aimed at prevention and localization of different emergencies, remain completely open to the state. An analysis of the world experience in developing Situation Center systems has shown that the United States and the European Union are the leading leaders in developed countries of the world, developing Situation Center systems to support decision-making by governments and large corporations. Today, Ukraine intends to create several situational centers in a number of regional centers, including Kharkiv, Dnipro and Odessa. The creation of these centers is carried out by local authorities independently and in the absence of a unified scientific-based approach to the establishment and functional orientation of such centers in the state. Therefore, the solution of the problem of developing effective management decisions aimed at prevention and localization of emergencies, in the context of emergence of sources of hazards of different nature, from the standpoint of systematic analysis, requires the inclusion in the Unified State Civil Protection System (USCPS) of the information-analytical subsystem of management of the processes of prevention and localization of the consequences of emergencies. functional elements of the territorial monitoring system of the National Assembly and components of the system of situational centers. The article describes the management basics of creation of an efficient informational and analytical subsystem of prevention management processes and localization consequences of the emergency situation. It was made by complex inclusion in the operating USCPS (from object to government) levels of various functional territorial system elements of monitoring emergency and system components of the situational centers. It was shown that one of trial functions of system situational centers at all USCPS management levels is development of efficient response crisis solutions, which is complicated by the fact that necessary conditions of effectiveness decisions is their timeliness, completeness and optimality. Ensuring completeness (complexity) of decisions requires as complete a consideration of internal and external factors that influence the decision making, a deep analysis of their relationships, which leads to an increase in the dimension of the decision-making problem, its multicriteria. In turn, this leads to increased uncertainty of the source data, due to the lack of knowledge about the relationship of factors and, consequently, inaccurate description, inability or inaccuracy of measurement of some factors, accidental external and internal influences, etc. An additional difficulty is that uncertainties are heterogeneous and can be represented as random or interval quantities and fuzzy sets. Improving the effectiveness of the decisions is related to the need to solve the problem of multicriteria optimization under uncertainty. The traditional, widespread approach to solving such problems, based on their heuristic simplification and determinization as a means of eliminating uncertainty, becomes less effective as the tasks become more complex. In these circumstances, there is a need to develop formal, regulatory methods and models for a comprehensive solution to the problem of decision making in the context of multicriteria and uncertainty in managing the processes of prevention and localization of the consequences of emergencies to ensure the effective functioning of the USCPS. |
| URI: | http://repositsc.nuczu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/11625 |
| ISSN: | 2414-5858 |
| Appears in Collections: | Кафедра управління та організації діяльності у сфері цивільного захисту |
Files in This Item:
| File | Description | Size | Format | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| VDU12_compressed.pdf | 3,33 MB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
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