ANALYSIS OF THE WAYS TO PROVIDE ECOLOGICAL SAFETY FOR THE PRODUCTS OF NANOTECHNOLOGIES THROUGHOUT THEIR LIFE CYCLE

Abstract

Recommendations for conducting ecological evaluation of nanomaterials are prepared. It is necessary to exercise control in order to establish effect of nanoproducts on the environment and human health for safe and productive use of nanotechnology. A general procedure for the system of nanosafety and certification of nanoindustry product should be based on creating standardizing, legislative and methodological support of safety system in the process of production, handling and disposal of nanomaterials. It was found that in order to perform assessment, nanoproducts should be examined at all stages of the life cycle. A scheme of the life cycle of nanomaterials was developed, which should be considered as a multi-stage process from the preparation of the source material to the reclamation. According to the methods proposed and recommendations developed, ecological assessment of porous indium phosphide and the device based on it, indium nitride, was performed. Nanostructures are investigated using the methods of scanning electronic microscopy, chemical analysis, the method of average projected diameter, gravimetric method, etc. It was found that porous indium phosphide may be health hazardous. Porous indium phosphide is formed by the method of electrochemical etching in the solutions of acids. Such methods of synthesis of nanostructures pose an ecological threat. Understanding these threats will optimize the processes of formation and operation of nanomaterials for ecological safety and will highlight the key moments of safe usage and disposal of products of nanotechnology