Analysis of wastewater from medical institutions in India

Abstract

The quality of surface water degraded especially due to entry of pharmaceuticals, hazardous material into it. These micro-pollutant are hard to degrade as well as detect in water or wastewater system. Based on research, organic and inorganic particles, as well as soluble organic and soluble inorganic substances, are contained in medical wastewater. Among these harmful and dangerous substances: vomiting, faeces, metal particles, hydrogen sulphide, urea and much more. In some countries, such as India and Ukraine, hospital wastewater is discharged to urban wastewater treatment plants. A survey was conducted in 75 hospitals, including 25 hospitals from the categories of high, medium and low. The average water consumption per bed per day in a hospital of Delhi ranges between 500–600 LPD. The annual water consumption in hospitals of Delhi is about 9,000 million litres. The study purpose is to study the details of water consumption in hospitals to develop recommendations for protection of the environment from hazardous pollutants.