Державна ґендерна політика як фактор формування та розвитку ґендерно збалансованого бізнесу

Abstract

AbstractTopicality. Gender balance in business is important for ensuring gender equality in society, as entrepreneurship is the field of employment for a large share of the economically active population of the country.The purpose of the research is to understand the main directions of the state gender policy in the business sphere based on the analysis of the essence and indicators of the gender balance of business structures.The results. The multi-vector influence of the state on social reproduction based on the gender approach, which ensures the achievement of gender balance in society is justified in the article. The formation and development of a gender-balanced business is a comprehensive direction and form of implementation of the state gender policy is proved.The main types of business as an object of state regulation based on the criterion of gender balance: gender-dominant, gender-loyal, gender-inclusive business are characterized.The main characteristics of the gender balance of business are revealed: equal opportunities for men and women to exercise their right to carry out entrepreneurial activities and receive entrepreneurial income, the right to work and its decent payment, other rights enshrined in state regulations ensuring gender equality in society. Indicators of the gender balance of business have been determined: the shares of women and men in the total number of business owners, managers of enterprises, specialists, employees, workers as hired employees of the business; indicators of women's employment, gender pay gap.The main tasks of the state gender regulation of business are substantiated - the creation of legal and socio-economic conditions for the transformation of large and medium-sized businesses into gender-loyal and inclusive ones, supporting the gender balance of micro- and small entrepreneurship.Conclusions. The measures of state regulation of business should be based on a gender-sensitive approach, consider specific socio-economic, political, cultural and other characteristics of living conditions and needs of women and men as its owners and employees is proved.Keywords:state gender policy, gender approach, gender balance, gender balanced business, gender-dominant, gender-loyal, gender-inclusive business, gender equality, gender gaps