Development and Research of Special Properties of Concrete Based on Alkaline Earth Elements

Abstract

The paper presents the results of experimental studies in the field of ferroelectric and piezoelectric materials. Theoretically, using the mathematical method of planning an experiment when constructing and studying composition property diagrams, the optimal composition of aggregate for concrete based on alkaline earth aluminates was determined. To obtain concrete with high strength, density, and homogeneity, the optimal composition of concrete includes a three-fractional mixture of aggregate consisting of barium titanate. Concrete samples were experimentally obtained and its main electrophysical properties characterizing piezoelectric materials were determined: dielectric constant, dielectric loss, electrical resistance, and piezoelectric modulus. It has been proven that an increase in the content of aluminate cement in concrete leads to a decrease in the value of the concrete piezoelectric modulus. Therefore, for the manufacture of piezoelectric sensors, concrete compositions with the best performance characteristics were chosen, which have 30 % aluminate cement (composition: 40 % ВaAl2O4 + 60 % BaTiO3) and 70 % aggregate (barium titanate). The areas of application of the developed concretes as piezoelectric force pulse sensors characterized by a large surface and significant attenuation of their own resonant vibrations have been determined. Such sensing elements can be used in piezoelectric sensors for electrodynamic conversion of capacitors' electrical energy into a shock pulse for geophysical research in the study of mechanical processes in soils and in the field of seismology in the study of dynamic processes in buildings and structures.