APPLYING THE EXPERIENCE OF EU COUNTRIES IN SHAPING SECURITY POLICY IN UKRAINE

Abstract

This study examines the transformation of Ukraine’s national security system in the context of ongoing armed aggression and the need to implement Euro-Atlantic standards. The relevance of this work stems from the need to adapt national legislation to the requirements of the Association Agreement with the EU and the experience of NATO countries, which necessitates a review of existing regulatory acts and the introduction of modern management mechanisms. The evolution of the armed conflict since 2014 is analyzed as a consequence of the Russian Federation’s violation of fundamental international agreements (the UN Charter, the Helsinki Final Act). Particular attention is paid to the transition from hybrid warfare tactics to the full-scale invasion of 2022, which served as a catalyst for a paradigm shift in state governance: from a reactive model of “passive defense” to a proactive strategy of deterrence. It is argued that the modern security architecture must be based on the synergy of “hard” (military power) and “soft” (social cohesion, diplomacy) power. The author emphasizes that the implementation of civilian control over the security sector is a fundamental safeguard against corruption and the usurpation of power. It has been found that, in addition to military threats, the demographic crisis, mass migration, environmental damage, and the need to reintegrate veterans represent critical challenges to Ukraine’s sustainable development. It is concluded that ensuring national security requires a comprehensive approach that combines the technological modernization of the Armed Forces with the creation of a favorable socio-economic climate for the preservation and return of human capital.