ENVIRONMENTAL EFFICIENCY OF MANAGING THE COMBUSTION PROCESS IN BOILERS WITH CIRCULATING FLUIDIZED BED

Abstract

The article is devoted to the actual problem of the technogenic load reducing on the environment from heat and power enterprises by introducing an environmentally friendly technology for solid fuel burning in circulating fluidized bed boilers (CFB). The purpose of the work is to increase the efficiency of ensuring the environmental safety of combustion processes in circulating fluidized bed power units, which allows minimizing emissions of man-made components into the atmosphere. The state and prospects of coal fuel burning in a circulating fluidized bed in thermal power plants with a focus on assessing the environmental efficiency of the process was considered. The latest trends in the development of CFB technology are summarized and a look at the future regarding the problems and opportunities of this technology was presented. The factors that determine the level of air pollution by emissions from combined heat and power plants was analyzed, their impact on the environment was considered and the dynamics of pollutants’ emissions in Ukraine was shown. The main methods of reducing the negative impact of CFB boilers on the environment was considered. It has been established that the reduction of nitrogen oxide emissions can be reduced by controlling the temperature field of fuel combustion. The principle of operation and features of circulating fluidized bed boilers, their environmental efficiency compared with the flare method of fuel burning was considered. The ecological efficiency of the combustion process control in the CFB boilers was estimated using the real object’s example. It has been determined that the provided technical solutions and environmental protection measures will reduce the gross emissions of pollutants into the atmosphere by 6370.9 tons, which will significantly reduce the load on the air basin and improve the environmental situation in the zone of its influence.