Procedure for Implementation of the Method of Artificial Deposition of Radioactive Substances from the Atmosphere

Abstract

Studies of the response to nuclear emergencies with the release of gaseous and dispersed radioactive substances into the atmosphere allowed us to develop a procedure for the practical implementation of this method. The emergency response method is aimed at depositing hazardous radioactive substances from the atmosphere that enter the atmosphere during man-made accidents at nuclear power plants and other facilities for the storage and processing of radioactive materials. The developed procedure with the proposed algorithm of actions operates within the framework of a unified state system of civil protection. The presented procedure allows solving three main tasks on the elimination of emergency consequences: monitoring of the affected area, taking effective management decisions and direct influence on the affected area. The basis for making effective management decisions is to predict the dynamics of radioactively contaminated areas, predict the intensity of precipitation with various methods of artificial deposition and predict the effectiveness of deposition effects on the dynamics of changes in contaminated areas. In order to expand the capabilities of available methods for predicting contaminated areas, their modification has been proposed taking into account deposition features. The use of this procedure allows minimizing the scale of major emergencies at regional and state levels. Due to the use of artificial deposition methods, as provided for in the procedure, there is the possibility of depositing dangerous radioactive substances from the atmosphere from a height of several kilometers, which cannot be implemented by other known methods. The developed algorithm of actions and the procedure for implementing the emergency response method by artificially initiated deposition are the basis for the development of a procedure for practical emergency rescue units during emergency response at regional and state levels. Thus, there is a reason to believe that the use of the proposed procedure will improve the efficiency of response to man-made emergency with the release of hazardous radioactive substances to the atmosphere.